The Research and Publications of the Russell Sage Foundation:

Child Labor
The U.S. Census Bureau notes that in 1910, approximately 1,600,000 children age 10 to 15 were gainfully employed – not counting children under age 10 and those paid off the books.

Settlement Houses
Settlement Houses served as both residence and community center for poor urban, (mostly immigrant) communities. Staffers tended to be involved in social work or theology and lived in the communities they worked, helping them assimilate into American culture and fight for improved living conditions.

Tenements
Through grants to local organizations, the Russell Sage Foundation helped effect legislation to do away with unacceptable conditions in tenement housing: dark hallways, unventilated rooms, and the lack of sanitary conveniences.